System of control for electric motors.



PATENTED FEB. 27, 1906.

0; '1). GILPIN. SYSTEM or CONTROL FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION I'ILED 00126. 1905.

2 sums-SHEET 1.

0. D. GILPIN. SYSTEM OF CONTROL FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED OUT.

PATENTED FEB. 27, 1906 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

specification.

UNITED STATES CHARLES D. G1LPIN',OF' CLEVELAND, OHIO,

PATENT OFFICE.

ASSIGNOR TO THE ELECTRIC RATIONTOF OHIO,

, svsErEm'oF CON'THOL'FOR "ELECTRIC MOTORS.

To all whom itmc'tg' concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES D. GILPIN, a citizen of the UnitedgStates,residing in the city of Cleveland, State of Ohio, have inventedan-Improved System of Control for Electric Motors, of whichthe'following is a One object of myrinvention is to provid'ea systemincluding a novel arrangementof apparatus and electrical connectionswhereby Y the o oration-of an electric motor or motors may be controlledfrom a distanceby means of a master-controllerhaving but twowiresconnecting'itwith the remainder of the sys teml It -1s further desiredto an arrangement of apparatusan connections that a lnaster-controllerhaving-connection with supply-mains and connected to a series ofmotor-controlling switches through but two wiresmay be caused to controlnot only the speed, but also the direction of rotation of the armatureor armatures ofone or more motors; These objects I'- attainashereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,in which Figure 1 IS a diagrammatic view of the apparatus andconnections com rising my mo. tor-controlling system, and 1g'12 is asomewhat simplified diagram of theconnections and'apparatus illustratedin Fig 1,

In carrying out myinvention I for the control of a given motor acurrent-limitin sistance' contro ling switches, a set of switchesconnected to form reversing means -for the provide ody of motor amaster-controller, and connections between the master-'controller',

mains,

being l the supply- -and the switches, said connections so arranged'thatthere are but two wires between the controller and the switches. rovidedwith Certain of the switches'are auxiliary switches, whereby t ey aremade to controlthe operation of othersof their number and certain ofthem hav'e'int'e'rlocking means whereby they are prevented from closin'when other for the motor, their 4 connections l Specification cf LettersPatent.

, Application filed October a, 1905. Serial a. 281,661.

rovide such "resistanceya' series of re-- switches are closed.

Int e above drawings Awis the'armature'of' the motor to :be operatedand: controlled, jits field-windin being' sh own iat A! 'and'the controllingresistance being illustrated at; B. Electromagnetic switches a(G, liD," and D are 1 connected I to serve as reversing means being suchPatented Feb. 27, 1906.

' that when switches C and C are closed current flows through themotor-armature and field winding in a definite dire'ction, therebycausing rotation of said armature in a certain direction. When, on theother hand, the switches D and D are closed, the direction ofcurrent-flow in the armature is reverser though it remains the samethrough the fieldwindmg, and as a consequence the direction 'of rotationof the armature is reversed. In order to prevent the possibility of morethan one pair of these four switches being in a closed position at thesame time, I' provide locking-bars, of 'which'one, 0 extends between theblades of switches C and D, while the other, d, extends between theblades of switches D and C inthe. manner well known to those skilled inthe art ,the bar 0 ample, makin it impossible for the C to close whi eswitch D is closed, and vice 'versa.

, One end of a body of resistance B is connected to the free end of themotor fieldqvinding ' vice, as-well as all but one of those comprisinthe resistance-controlling means, are pro- 'vi' ed with auxiliaryswitches constructed to be closed b g the closing of the particularswitch'to w ich they are'attached and coninafter be described. y

The master controller F consists of a num 'ber of segmentalcontactmounted in two groups along the arcsof four concentric circles,there/being an operatingfromthe other two contacts". Of the segforxswitch nected to the master-controller F and to thelever for thiscontroller "having mounted upon it four contacts, of'whichthoserespeevactuating-coils of other switches, as will here 1 piecespreferably 'tivelynearest to and farthest from the 'een-f other, butinsulated men'tal contacts thej twoyindic'ated. by the third, and fifthof Also connected closed if it is already into two groups i and i,

reference-letters g and 5 and arranged upon the are having the leastradius are electrici ally connected to each other and to one of the acurrent -supply mainsin the present instance the positivewhile thecont-acts I1 and 7a of the next larger arc of the controller aresimilarly connected to each other and to the other current supplymainnamel v, the negative. ()i' the contacts and j", arranged along thearc of the greatest radius, the first, each of the two groups areelectrically connected to each other and to a sin le wire It", extendingfrom the master-controller to the 1not'or-conti'olling switches of thesystem. The bank of resistance j has one end connected to the first ofthe segments j and its other end connected to the second segment of thesame group, as well as to the second segment of the group j", while .thefourth segments of both of the groups and f" are electrically connectedto each other and to a point of the resistance j intermediate of itsends. The segments of the third are of the controller are, like theothers, divided there being in the first of these groups but threesegments, of which the first and third are electricallv connected toeach other and to one end of a bank of resistance j as well as to a wirel, constituting the second conductor, extending between the mastercontroller and the motor-controlling switches of the system. to thiswire are the first, third, and fifth segments of the group i, while thefourth of this latter group is connected to the second of the contacts11 and to a point of the bank of resistance j intermediate of its ends,it being noted that the second end of this bank of resistance isconnected to the second segment of the group 'i. The wire is connectingthe master-controller with the remainder of the system is electricallyconnected to one end of the actuatingcoils of switches C, E, E", and E,while the second connecting-wire Zis connected to one end of theactuating-coilsof switches D, E, and E., It may here be noted that thebank of resistance 1' is so proportioned that when by the operation ofthe master-controller it is placed in series with the actuating-coil ofone of the switches of the system it permits sutficient current to flowto hold such switch closed, although this current is not of sufficientmagnitude to cause closing of the switch if it be open. That portion ofthis same bank of resistance included between its intermediateconnection and that end connected also so proportioned that if it beconnected in series with two switch-actuating coils in multiple witheach other two stitches closed if they'be alread closed, though, asbefore, this current will o insufficient to cause the switches to closeif they are open. Thissame statement is true as.re-

to the wire I is it will hold these similarly so proportioned that if a111 series wit spectively connected 11] multiple to each nected gardsthe bank of resistance j, that portion included between the endconnected to the wire Iv and its intermediate connection bein it beplace( 1 the coils of three switches reother the current-flow will besuch that these switches will remain closed it they are already closed,though-they will not be 0 )er-' ated if they are in their open position.he actuating coil of switch C has one end directly connected to thenegative supply-main, while its second end is connected through theauxiliary switch of switch 0 to the ositive supplymain. The coil ofswit-c C while having one end in connection with the wire it ias itssecond end directly conto the negative supply-main. The auxiliary switchof the switch 0 has one terminal connected to the negative supply-mainand to one terminal of the auxiliary switch of the main switch D, whileits second terminal is connected to one end of the actuating-coil of themain switch E. The second terminal of the auxiliary switch (1 isconnected to the line extending between the auxiliary switch a and oneterminal of the actuating-coil of switch E, while the actuating-coil ofswitch D has one terminal connected to the negative supply-main and itssecond terminal connected through the auxiliary switch d to the positivesupply main. The coil of the switch D, while having one end connected tothe wire Z, has its second end connected directly to the positivesupply-main. As regards the resistance-controlling switches E to E,inclusive, it will be seen that the first, third, and last of these haveone terminal of their respective coils connected to the wire it from themaster-controller, while the second terminal of the first of said coilsis connected to the negative supply-main throu h the auxiliarv switch 0of main switch C, w IlCh in o t n o eration is actuated ust before saidswitch Similarly, the second terminal of the-coil of switch Eisconnected to the negative sup ly- I main through the auxiliary switch ofswitch E, while the second end of the coil ofswitch E is also connectedthrough the auxiliaryswitch of main switch E to said negativesupplymain. The coils of the two switches E and E each have one end, asnoted above, connected to the wire Z and their other ends connectedthrough the auxiliary switch of the main switch, which in operation isactuated immediately before them, to the negative sup ply-main. Withthis arrangement of apparatus and connections if the operating-lever ofthe master-controller F be moved, for example, to the right of itsvertical position, so as'to bring its contacts into engagement with theright-hand group j of the controllersegments, it will be seen that thefirst of this group will be in direct electrical connection with thepositive supply-main, and current will flow through the wire k, throughthe actuating-coil of switch C tothe negative sup-.

ply-main, thereby causing this switch to close. Whilethe coils ofswitches E, E, and

. close, because in each case'their circuit ineludes anfauxiliary switchof; another main switch whichis still open; Theclosin of main switch Ccloses/ its auxiliary. switc c,

and so perm-its current-to flow fromthe positive supply-main through theactuating-coil of switch latter switch closes, and consequently closesits auxiliary switch,,whifch in turn permits current to flow from theositive supply main to the inas'ter-controiier through t 6 wire into thecoil of switch E, and hence to the negative suppiy-mainii The closure 3of t vt onegativ ima nt o t t this last-namedsw1tch completes thecircuit through the motor, and, current will fiow from the'positive.supply ,1 main through switch E, and all ofthe resistance B,fieldwindingA, main switch C, armatureA, and switch C to the-negativesupply-main; The motor. will therefore start and, continue to o crate atitslow estspeed'until the leverof t 'e master-'controllerbe moved to itssecond Y point, by which operation the entire bank of resistance j isplacedin series with the wire k, and conse uently with the twoactuatingcoils of swltc esE and C",which are there-t fore maintained in,their closed positions. The first of the segments/ids in addition placedin electrical connection with the seg: ,ment h, connected :to thenegative supplymain through the two contacts f. and-f so that current ispermitted toufiow from the positive supply-main through the coils ofsingles a result the second of these will, close, since theclosureof'switch switches D and E E connected the coil of switch E tothe positive supply-main. The current will I then flow from saidpositive main through auxilary switchof mainswitch E.v to the coil oiswitchE' and wirel to the first of contacts t v of the controllerthroughthe contacts on the .Q to, each a other, so; th

o crating-lever to; the segmentfl, and so to t e ne ative supp)ly main.Even though the coil of switch be ene gized this switch cannot close,because of the lockinghar (1?,

which is held in s uch positioni lhy "the closed switch C as to.preventsuchiaction,",The closure of'the switch E cuts out the first section of the controlling-resistance .1}, thereby? permitting,morevcurrent toflow to the motor and causing itto. speed upa Themovementv ofthe .operating-leviei'gofl the mastercontroller to its thirdpoint no'w places a portion i th r si a eeiim eri s wi h. h so w t sD ad -whi rein. mu ipl i'entto hold it s thereby addition towhi'ch tholattr f these switches is sup lied with7ustSPfi Ci htcu1 tw i e ethi de thw'ments j, and hence the wire -k,;is1 again con-f nected directly to thesu fply-main. Since the. main switchE is held 0 osed, its auxiliaryswitch is also closed, and current is free to flow from the positivesupply-main through segment g, contacts If and one of the segments 7',wire k, coi of switch E auxiliary switch of switchE, and hence to thenegative supply-main, thus causing said switchE to close; Movement'ofthe operating-lever to the fourth point first places a portion of theresistance 1' in series with the three coils of I switches E, G and Econnected in multiple,

maintaining these in their closed po-, sitions, after which the third ofthe segments v 1'. is directly connected to the negative supplymain, asis also the wire 1, since the closm of switch E connected one end ofthecoii of i switch E directly to main. Since the second en of this coiism direct connection with wire I, said coil is now supplied withcurrent and switch E is closed, thus cutting out a further theresistance B and further speeding up the". motor. Since the closin ofswitchE connected the end of the coil 0 switch E directlyto the negativesupply-main, the movement of the operating-lever" of themaster-controller to its last pointpermits current to flow di- 'rectlyfrom the positive supply-main to contacts and j, the last of thecontacts j,wire k, and t ough the coil and the auxiliary "switch of mainswitch E to the negative supplymain, thereby causing closing of switchE, and cuttin out of the last art of the resistance B. nder these conitions the motor is connected directly across the suppl -mains and willoperate at full speed, forall the resistance-controlling switches, aswell as two of the reversin -switches, are in their closed. positions.If t GOPGIMQiIlg-lBVGI of the master-controllerbe moved to its offposition,

the ositive su plyortion of all of the switches will immediately open,and

if it be moved to the left of this position into engagement withcontacts g,-h, 'i, and j the reversing-switches D and D will be closedand after them in succession the switches E thereby again graduallycutting out the resistance in circuit wi h the motor and bringing it upto full speed, as heretofore described; I t f I i It willbe seen that byx operation I firstcause closing of a pair of the I s the above methodof reversing-switches andafterward the successive, operation ofthe;resistance controlling j I switches, one of the twio virires fromthe master-con'troller being I 2 O alternately connected di f,

rectly to onefoffthe supply-mains and in ser istanc W ries with abank ofis alternately connectedtofthe other sup ly;

main and toa, second bank of resistance,'i n

switch is icontrolled 'fby an auxiliary switch closed; the Operation of,a main switch opqfirating. ef'or'e it v ,r t. 1 By thisarrangement of.apparatus vthose hiletheother' a 2 he closlngv of eaohmam iiected topermit of the skilled in the art will appreciate the fact that the motoror motors may be operated from a master-controller situated at anydesired distance from them and from the main switches. a and yet requirebut two wires 1: and l to coningobvious that the controller mav beprovided with any desired number of operatingpoints to correspond withan increased number of resistance-controlliiig switches without in anyway departing from my invention.

1 claim as my 1nventionreversing the same, speed-varying means includinga ser es of independent electromagtors, and including means forgoverning the operation of said reversing and speed-varying means,substantially as described.

2. A system including a motor, means for controlling the same includingspeed-varying means and a reversing device, with a mas ter-controllerdistant from said apparatus but connected thereto by tors, saidcontroller being connected to ourrent-supply mains independently of theremainder of the system and constructed to govern the operation of thereversing and speed-varying means, substantially as described. 7

3. A svstem including a motor, a reversing switch or switches therefor,a body of resistance having controlling-switches, actuating means forsaid switches, with a master-com troller having connections forgoverning the operation of the reversing and the resistancecontrollingswitches, and being connected to said apparatus by but two conductors,substantially as described.

4. A system including-"a motor, two pairs of switches connected to serveas a reversing device for said motor,.a body of resistance, a series ofcontrolling-switches therefor,.a device for operating each of saidswitches, and a master-controller for governing the actuation of saidler, as well as said devices, being interconuse of but two conductorsbetween the controller and the said switches, substantially asdescribed.

5. A motorcontrolling system including electromagnetic i switches,auxiliary switches controlled by said main switches and each connectedin circuit with the coil of a switch designed to operate after theswitch which controls it, ourrent-supply mains adjacent to the switches,am aster-controller relatively distant from the switches, independentconnections from the but two conduc'-' devices, the elements of saidcontrol-- resistance controlling master-controller to current-supplymains,

, and connections between the master-controller and the coils of theresistmice-controlling switches, one end of each of the coils ofsuccessive switches being alternately connected through the auxiliaryswitches to different supply-mains adjacent to the switches and theother end of each of said coils beingalternately connected tluough themaster-controller to the mains at said controller, sub

,stantially as described.

- 6. A motor-controlling system including electromagnetic switches,auxiliary switches controlled thereby and each connected-in circuit withthe coil of a switch designed to op- 5' erate after the switchwhiclicontrols it, current-supply mains ad acentto the switches, l Asystem including a motor. means for nately connected to for flowingthrough the conductor not successive switch-actuating coils beingaltersupply-mains of difi erent f polarity throu h said auxiliaryswitches, a netic switches, with a master-controller eon- 'nected tosaid apparatus by but two coiiduc-- master-controller, current-supplymains connected to said controller, and two conductors connecting saidcontroller and the coils of the resistance-controlling switches,saidmaster-controller including means whereby said two conductors arealternatel connected to supply to a switch coil or coil; a current ofsuflicient magnitude to actuate the switch thereof, substantially asdescribed.

7. A motor-controlling system including a body of resistance, a seriesof electromagnetic controlling-switches therefor, a master-controller,and conductors connecting the controller and the coils of said switches,with connections between the said coils and other connections to thecontroller whereby the operation of said controller causes saidconductors to carry to a switch coil or coils a current of a magnitudesufficient to operate. the switch or switches thereof, substantially asdescribed.

8. A-JIIOtOI-COIIUOIHIlg system including a body of resistance, a seriesof electromagnetic controlling-switches therefor, a inaster controller,two conductors connecting said controller and the coils of saidswitches, other conductors between the said coils, whereby the operationof the controller causes said two conductors to be supplied with acurrent of a magnitude suflicient to operate the switches, and means forcausing said coils to be successively actuated, substantially asdescribed.

9. A motor controlling system including a body of resistance, a seriesof electromagnetic resistance-controlling switches, amaster-controller,conductors connected between the controller and thecoils of the switches, and connections'whereby the operation of saidcontroller causes said conductors to alternately be supplied with acurrent of sutlicient mag,- nitude to operate the switch or switchestherewith means for cutting down the current so supplied to an extentsuflicicnt to maintain closed the switches already closed butinsufficient to close an open switch, substantially as described.

10 A motor-controlling system including a body of resistance, a seriesof electromagnetic resistance-controlling switches, a master-controller,conductors connected between the controller and the coils of theswitches, and connections whereby the operation of said controllercauses said conductors to alternately be su plied with a current ofsufiicient magnitu e to operate the switch or switches therefor, withtwo bodies of resist.

v netic switches, of which certain have an ia switches each in circuitwith the coil of a switch designed to operate after it, one end ofalternate coils bein connected to one su ply-main, and one en of theremaining 0011s 12. A- system including a motor, a revers-,

ing switch or switches therefor, a body of resistance having controlling-'switches, actuating means for said switches, with a mastercontrollerhaving connections for governing the operation of the reversing and theresistance-controlling switches, there being direct connections from thecurrent-supply mains to said controller and other independentconnections from said mains to the switch-actuating means, substantiallyas described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

' CHAS. D. GILPIN..

Witnesses:

C. W. CoMsTooK, HOWARD C. TOBEY.

